EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
Evidence Based Medicine — New Approaches and ChallengesIzet Masic, Milan Miokovic, Belma Muhamedagic [Review] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23678317/
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn'tDavid L. Sackett, William M.C. Rosenberg, J.A. Muir Gray, R. Brian Haynes, W. Scott Richardson [Editorial — the founding statement] Confirm the link before posting. This is the paper readers expect when evidence standards are being discussed; Masic cites it for the definition.
CRANIAL AND SUTURAL MECHANOBIOLOGY
Responses of intramembranous bone and sutures upon in vivo cyclic tensile and compressive loadingAlexandra I. Peptan, Aurora Lopez, Ross A. Kopher, Jeremy J. Mao [Primary experimental study] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18032124/
Suture growth modulated by the oscillatory component of micromechanical strainRoss A. Kopher, Jeremy J. Mao [Primary experimental study] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12619937/
Mechanobiology of craniofacial suturesJeremy J. Mao [Review] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12454093/
Stretch force guides finger-like pattern of bone formation in sutureBo-Hai Wu, Xiao-Xing Kou, Ci Zhang, Yi-Mei Zhang, Zhen Cui, Xue-Dong Wang, Yan Liu, Da-Wei Liu, Yan-Heng Zhou [Primary experimental study — rat] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28472133/
Cyclic loading effects on craniofacial strain and sutural growth in pigsSoh, Rafferty, Herring [Primary experimental study — pig]
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6361671/
⚠ Effects of increased muscle mass on mouse sagittal suture morphology and mechanicsByron [Primary experimental study — mouse]
MAXILLARY EXPANSION — EFFECTS AND ADVERSE EVENTS
Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the cranial and circummaxillary suturesGhoneima et al. [Clinical study — 20 patients, pre/post CT] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21967938/
Does MARPE therapy have effects on intracranial pressure? A clinical studyBaris Baser, Merve Bolukbasi, Dilek Uzlu, Ahmet Duhan Ozbay [Clinical study — 15 post-pubertal patients; optic nerve sheath diameter measured as a surrogate for intracranial pressure] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36261817/
Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the cranial base — an FEM analysisChristof Holberg [Finite element simulation — not a clinical study] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16808557/
⚠ Stress distribution and displacement analysis during intermaxillary disjunction — a 3D FEM study of a human skullBoryor et al. [Finite element simulation — not a clinical study]
Neuropathy of the infraorbital area following rapid palatal expansion: a case reportSung Min Kim, Hong-Seop Kho [Case report — one patient, adult, miniscrew-assisted expansion] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41517782/
TRIGEMINAL CIRCUITS AND THE TRIGEMINOCARDIAC REFLEX
Trigeminal, visceral and vestibular inputs may improve cognitive functions by acting through the locus coeruleus and the ascending reticular activating system: a new hypothesisVincenzo De Cicco, Maria P. Tramonti Fantozzi, Enrico Cataldo, Massimo Barresi, Luca Bruschini, Ugo Faraguna, Diego Manzoni [Hypothesis paper — the title says so] https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2017.00130
Sleep disorders: is the trigemino-cardiac reflex a missing link?Tumul Chowdhury, Barkha Bindu, Gyaninder Pal Singh, Bernhard Schaller [Review] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5326750/
Trigeminal cardiac reflex: new thinking model about the definition based on a literature reviewC. Meuwly, E. Golanov, T. Chowdhury, P. Erne, B. Schaller [Review] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4602726/
Trigeminal cardiac reflex and cerebral blood flow regulationDominga Lapi, Rossana Scuri, Antonio Colantuoni [Review] https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00470
Trigeminocardiac reflex by mandibular extension on rat pial microcirculation: role of nitric oxideDominga Lapi, Giovanni Federighi, Maria P. Fantozzi, Cristina Del Seppia, Sergio Ghione, Antonio Colantuoni et al. [Primary experimental study — rat] https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115767
Further evidence of a prolonged hypotensive and bradycardic effect after mandibular extension in normal volunteersCristina Del Seppia, Sergio Ghione, Paola Foresi, Enza Fommei, Dominga Lapi, Antonio Colantuoni, Rossana Scuri [Primary study — human volunteers] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28306134/
Trigeminal nerve control of cerebral blood flow: a brief reviewTimothy G. White, Keren Powell, Kevin A. Shah, Henry H. Woo, Raj K. Narayan, Chunyan Li [Mini review] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33927590/
Electrical stimulation of cranial nerves in cognition and diseaseDevin Adair, Dennis Truong, Zeinab Esmaeilpour, Nigel Gebodh, Helen Borges, Libby Ho, J. Douglas Bremner, Bashar W. Badran, Vitaly Napadow, Vincent P. Clark, Marom Bikson [Review — electrical stimulation only] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2020.02.019
Sensory nerve supply of the human oro- and laryngopharynx: a preliminary studyLiancai Mu, Ira Sanders [Preliminary anatomical study] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10737853/
⚠ Trigemino-cardiac reflex in bilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis surgery: a case reportSyed Mohammed Meesam Rizvi [Case report — one patient] Currently sourced only to ResearchGate; no journal record confirmed.
DURAL AND CRANIAL INNERVATION
Dural headache and innervation of the dura materWilder Penfield, Francis L. McNaughton [Landmark historical study, 1940 — cite for priority, not as current evidence] https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurpsyc.1940.02280070051003
Visualization of the tentorial innervation of human dura materSang-Hun Lee, Kang-Jae Shin, Ki-Seok Koh, Wu-Chul Song [Primary anatomical study] https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12659
⚠ Non-trigeminal nociceptive innervation of the posterior dura[Primary experimental study — rat; viral tracing and single-unit recording] Journal of Neuroscience, 2019. Confirm the full author line and DOI before posting. Worth including: it traces nerve bundles from the suboccipital muscles into the cranium.
SLEEP, CEREBRAL PERFUSION AND CLEARANCE
Coupled electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and cerebrospinal fluid oscillations in human sleepNina E. Fultz et al. [Primary experimental study — human] https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax5440
Increased cerebral blood flow velocity in children with mild sleep-disordered breathing: a possible association with abnormal neuropsychological functionCatherine M. Hill, Alexandra M. Hogan, Nwanneka Onugha, Dawn Harrison, Sara Cooper, Victoria J. McGrigor, Avijit Datta, Fenella J. Kirkham [Primary study — 21 children with mild disease, 17 controls] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17015501/
AUTONOMIC REGULATION
Effects of tongue position on mandibular muscle activity and heart rate functionSchmidt et al. [Primary experimental study] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19773187/
Relationship between malocclusion and heart rate variability indices in young adults: a pilot studyEkuni et al. [Pilot study] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20963256/
Swallowing-induced atrial tachycardia associated with sympathetic activation: a case reportXinlu Wang, Junmeng Zhang, Liting Cheng, Ziyu Wang, Zefeng Wang, Yongquan Wu [Case report — one patient, following prior catheter ablation] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32335984/
FASCIA
The histochemical structure of the deep fascia and its structural response to surgeryD. McCombe, T. Brown, J. Slavin, W.A. Morrison [Primary study] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11281657/
Meaning of the solid and liquid fascia to reconsider the model of biotensegrityBruno Bordoni, David Lintonbon, Bruno Morabito [Review — proposes a conceptual model] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30197845/
⚠ Fascial plasticity — a new neurobiological explanation, Part 1Robert Schleip [Review — Part 1 of two; Part 2 published separately in the same journal and year]
⚠ Analysis of the presence of hyaluronic acid inside the deep fasciae and in the musclesC. Stecco, A. Porzionato, V. Macchi, A. Stecco, R. Stern, R. De Caro [Primary study]
AIRWAY AND SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING
Biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysisSaif Mashaqi, Pooja Rangan, Ahlam A. Saleh, Ivo Abraham, David Gozal, Stuart F. Quan, Sairam Parthasarathy [Systematic review and meta-analysis] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37028145/
Altered 5-HT2A/C receptor binding in the medulla oblongata in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): Part IRobin L. Haynes, Felicia Trachtenberg, Ryan Darnall, Elisabeth A. Haas, Richard D. Goldstein, Othon J. Mena, Henry F. Krous, Hannah C. Kinney [Primary study — Part I of two] https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlad031
⚠ Companion — Part II Cummings et al., 2024
Sleep apnea pathophysiologyGiovanni Andrisani, Giorgia Andrisani [Literature review] https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-023-02783-7
Healthy humans with a narrow upper airway maintain patency during quiet breathing by dilating the airway during inspirationShaokoon Cheng, Elizabeth C. Brown, Alice Hatt, Jane E. Butler, Simon C. Gandevia, Lynne E. Bilston [Primary study — human] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25217376/
PHOTOBIOMODULATION — MECHANISM AND WAVELENGTH
Utilization of the 1064 nm wavelength in photobiomodulation: a systematic review and meta-analysisWilliam Todd Penberthy, Charles E. Vorwaller [Systematic review and meta-analysis — musculoskeletal, wound and gynecological indications; no craniofacial, intraoral or pediatric studies included] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35155171/
Comparison of the penetration depth of 905 nm and 1064 nm laser light in surface layers of biological tissue ex vivoLeon Kaub, Christoph Schmitz [Ex vivo laboratory study — porcine skin and bovine muscle. The 1064 nm advantage was up to 5.9% and confined to the upper 10 mm of tissue] https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051355
Shining light on the head: photobiomodulation for brain disordersMichael R. Hamblin [Review — transcranial delivery] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27752476/
Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulationMichael R. Hamblin [Review] https://doi.org/10.3934/biophy.2017.3.337
Analysis of laser–fat interaction through comparing 980 nm diode laser with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laserA. Majdabadi, M. Abazari [Laboratory study] https://doi.org/10.17795/jssc17793
Proposed mechanisms of photobiomodulation or low-level light therapyLucas Freitas de Freitas, Michael R. Hamblin [Review] Confirm the identifier.
1064 nm and cytochrome c oxidase in vivo in humansWang, Tian, Soni, Gonzalez-Lima, Liu
PHOTOBIOMODULATION IN NEONATES AND CHILDREN
The published literature applying photobiomodulation to neonates and children is very small, was not performed at 1064 nm, and did not measure neurological or functional outcomes. What it supports is that this therapy has been used in small clinical series without reported adverse events. It does not support an efficacy claim.
Pilot study in neonates using low-level laser therapy in the immediate postoperative period of myelomeningoceleNathali Cordeiro Pinto, Fernando Campos Gomes Pinto, Eduardo Joaquim Lopes Alho, Elisabeth Matheus Yoshimura, Vera Lucia Jornada Krebs, Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira, Maria Cristina Chavantes [Pilot study — 13 neonates, compared against 23 previously operated patients; 685 nm at 21 mW; outcome measured was surgical wound dehiscence] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26761745/
Novel treatment immediately after myelomeningocele repair applying low-level laser therapy in newborns: a pilot studyFernando C. Pinto, M. Cristina Chavantes, Nathali C. Pinto, Eduardo J.L. Alho, Elisabeth M. Yoshimura, Hamilton Matushita, Vera L.J. Krebs, Manoel J. Teixeira [Companion paper to the study above — same team, same clinical material] https://doi.org/10.1159/000319363
TONGUE AND SUBLINGUAL ANATOMY
What is a tongue tie? Defining the anatomy of the in-situ lingual frenulumNikki Mills, Seth M. Pransky, Donna T. Geddes, S. Ali Mirjalili [Primary anatomical study] https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.23343
THE ALF APPLIANCE
The significance of cranial factors in diagnosis and treatment with the Advanced Lightwire ApplianceG. Dave James, Dennis Strokon [Clinical article — society journal, not MEDLINE-indexed] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280686742
Cranial strains and malocclusion VIII: palatal expansionG. Dave James, Dennis Strokon [Clinical article — part VIII of a series; society journal, not MEDLINE-indexed] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/41403307
ALF correction of facial and postural asymmetryG. Dave James, Dennis Strokon [Clinical article] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/43180184
CONTEXT AND CRITICISM
Short on evidence, dubious therapies turn to the tongueChristina Szalinski, Undark, 8 September 2021 [Journalism — critical coverage, included deliberately] https://undark.org/2021/09/08/short-on-evidence-dubious-therapies-turn-to-the-tongue/
This article raises two criticisms that are not about evidence at all — that these therapies have no standardized protocol, and that practitioners have no system of licensure. Both are real. Both are what defined protocols, structured credentialing and board certification exist to address, and both are why this Academy trains the way it does.
RESOURCES
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2020 Baby: The functional anatomy of sucking and swallowing in breastfed babies, Part 1Podcast episode https://podcasts.apple.com/au/podcast/the-functional-anatomy-of-sucking-and/id1506690037?i=1000508376437
